Bunion Treatment

What Is a Bunion?

A bunion — medically termed hallux valgus — is a structural deformity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint at the base of the big toe. It develops when the big toe progressively drifts toward the second toe, causing the metatarsal head to protrude on the inside of the foot and the joint to deviate from its normal alignment.

Bunions are among the most common foot deformities in adults, affecting an estimated 23% of adults aged 18 to 65 and over 35% of adults over 65. They are more prevalent in women, though the deformity occurs in both sexes. There is a significant hereditary component — the foot structure that predisposes someone to bunion formation tends to run in families.

Bunions are progressive. Once the deformity begins, it typically worsens over time without intervention. The rate and severity of progression varies significantly between individuals. Conservative measures can manage symptoms and slow progression, but they do not correct the underlying structural deformity.

Many patients tolerate bunion discomfort for years — sometimes decades — before seeking care. By the time they present for evaluation, the deformity is often more advanced than it would have been with earlier intervention. Dr. Gunter evaluates every bunion individually, assesses severity on weight-bearing X-ray, and recommends the most appropriate treatment approach for your specific situation — whether that is conservative management, minimally invasive correction, Lapiplasty, or other traditional surgical repairs.